Cement is a crucial mineral that has become an essential element in constructing houses, roads, highways, embankments, etc., during the last century. This industry has undergone many changes during different periods and has been able to produce quality products. However, production of one ton of cement can emit up to 1,000 pounds of carbon dioxide. Due to the many applications of this critical industrial material, it has become the third-largest emitter of carbon monoxide in the world. In this situation, it is necessary to produce newer products using new technologies such as nanotechnology and producing fewer greenhouse gases. As an example of such innovations in the cement industry, we can mention nanocomposites in which less cement is used, but they show more resistance than ordinary cement compounds.
The Challenge: New methods for producing cement with better mechanical and chemical properties and creating fewer greenhouse gases in their production process.