Political realities of developing countries have traditionally been dominated by international pressures from industrially developed policies and national interests through the establishment of non-democratic powerful central governments. As such, no competitive economic infrastructure exists, and private companies do not have the necessary incentives to get involved in risk-prone activities. In this environment, universities and research centers conduct routine activities with little room for innovative approaches and applied research leading to product and/or system development. The design and implementation of policies and processes needed to move from the status quo to a vibrant environment in the chain of knowledge to wealth requires careful studies with the objective of smooth transition with minimal disruptive actions resulting from resistance to change at various levels.
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Sharif Energy, Water, and Environmental Institute (SEWEI)
Islamic Republic of Iran